Contrastive
Conjunction
Mr. Jack : What is the result of the
OSIS MEETING?
Edward : A few members want an indirect election in choosing the new OSIS
chairperson, Sir. However, most
members want a direct election.
The sentences in bold contrasts two ideas. It uses a contrastive conjuction
(however). Contrastive conjunctions are used to link two ideas or statements
that are considered to be different. The following are some contrastive conjuctions
:
1.
But, still, yet, although, though, even though,
whereas, while
These conjuctions combine two clauses which
are/opposite/contrast one to another. Examples :
·
Donny is short,
but he is strong.
·
Although Bella is an artist, she doesn’t ignore her studies.
·
Mr. David is
rich, yet he is unhappy.
2.
However, nevertheless
Nevertheless is very formal. In a less formal
style, we can use conjunctions like but or
yet.\
“Nevertheless” and “however” don’t combine two
clauses. They are used to emphasize the fact that the point expressed by the
second sentence contrasts with the first. In writing, they are separated from
the rest of the sentences by a comma. Examples :
·
I advised Tom
to correct his bad behavior. Nevertheless,
he didn’t take my advice.
·
It seems that we will fail in the contest. However,
we will do our best.
3.
Despite/in spite of
“Despite” and “in spite of” are always followed
by noun or noun phrases. Examples :
·
Diana is
still doing her homework despite being
very tired.
·
The old
farmer works hard in his field in spite
of fierce sun.
Modal Perfect
Different from modals, all modal perfect,
refer to the past.
Pattern : modal + have + past participle (V3)
The following are some modal perfect
including their meanings and examples :
Modal Perfect
|
Meaning
|
Example
|
could have
|
We had ability
to do something in the past, but we didn’t do it.
|
The report is
considered nonfactual. Renny could
have interviewed some people before writing it.
|
would have
|
We wanted to do something,but we didn’t do
it in the end.
|
I would
have finished it last night. Now I am still doing my work.
|
might have
|
It is possible
that something happened in the past, but we aren’t sure.
|
We did not see
Andra at the meeting. He might have
forgotten it.
|
should have
|
It was the right thing to do, but we didn’t
do it.
|
Alex had negative thoughts about you. You should have told him the truth.
|
We expected
something to happen, but it didn’t.
|
Lina is disappointed.
Her father should have bought her
a bicycle.
|
|
must have
|
We are almost sure something happened in
the past.
|
My youngest sister is very happy. She must have got the doll she longed for
some time.
|
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar